MPI-C

Both of them had a pronounced reduction of their viabilities when treated with bioengineered OMVs ... while OMV^MPI-C had the lowest half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) (Figures 2B, C).

Both of them had a pronounced reduction of their viabilities when treated with bioengineered OMVs ... while OMV^MPI-C had the lowest half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) (Figures 2B, C).

The results presented in Figure 2F manifested the percentage of apoptotic MB49 cells increased to 44.3% in OMV^MPI-C group, much higher than the 8.43% in PBS group and 11.0% in OMV^WT group.

With regard to UMUC3 cells, we unsurprisingly obtained a very similar result (Figure 2G).

However, a non-carcinomatous cell named bEnd.3 ... exhibited no viability suppression when being treated with different OMVs at the concentration of <100 μg/ml (Figure S5), indicating the specific destruction ability of MPI fusion peptides in bioengineered OMVs to tumor cells.

Tumor growth curves shown in Figure 3C depicted different therapy efficacies of OMVs ... OMV^MPI-SP and OMV^MPI-C treatments resulted in better therapeutic outcomes with statistical significance when compared with the PBS group.

After incubation ... the calculated hemolysis ratio of OMV groups was lower than 5% (Figures 5A, B), indicating the negligible hemolysis caused by bioengineered OMVs in vitro.