| Name | Description | Function |
|---|
| h5HT1A_89 | 5HT1A_HUMAN 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A (5-HT-1A) (Serotonin receptor 1A) (5-HT1A) (G-21) | This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity. |
| h5HT1B_124 | 5HT1B_HUMAN 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B (5-HT-1B) (Serotonin receptor 1B) (5-HT1B) (5-HT-1D-beta) (Serotonin 1D beta receptor) (S12) | This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity. |
| h5HT1D_123 | 5HT1D_HUMAN 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D (5-HT-1D) (Serotonin receptor 1D) (5-HT-1D-alpha) | This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity. |
| h5HT2A_125 | 5HT2A_HUMAN 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A (5-HT-2A) (Serotonin receptor 2A) (5-HT-2) | This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. This receptor is involved in tracheal smooth muscle contraction, bronchoconstriction, and control of aldosterone production. |
| h5HT2B_176 | 5HT2B_HUMAN 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B (5-HT-2B) (Serotonin receptor 2B) | This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. |
| h5HT2C_126 | 5HT2C_HUMAN 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C (5-HT-2C) (Serotonin receptor 2C) (5-HT2C) (5-HTR2C) (5HT-1C) | This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. |
| h5HT4_223 | 5HT4R_HUMAN 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 (5-HT-4) (Serotonin receptor 4) (5-HT4) | This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that stimulate adenylate cyclase. |
| h5HT6_209 | 5HT6R_HUMAN 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6 (5-HT-6) (Serotonin receptor 6) | This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that stimulate adenylate cyclase. It has a high affinity for tricyclic psychotropic drugs. |
| h5HT7_157 | 5HT7R_HUMAN 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7 (5-HT-7) (Serotonin receptor 7) (5-HT-X) (5HT7) | This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that stimulate adenylate cyclase. |
| hA1AA_162 | ADA1A_HUMAN Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor (Alpha 1A-adrenoceptor) (Alpha 1A-adrenoreceptor) (Alpha-1C adrenergic receptor) (Alpha-adrenergic receptor 1c) | This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol- calcium second messenger system. Its effect is mediated by G(q) and G(11) proteins. |
| hA1AB_164 | ADA1B_HUMAN Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor (Alpha 1B-adrenoceptor) (Alpha 1B-adrenoreceptor) | This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol- calcium second messenger system. |
| hA1AD_116 | ADA1D_HUMAN Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor (Alpha 1D-adrenoceptor) (Alpha 1D-adrenoreceptor) (Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor) (Alpha-adrenergic receptor 1a) | This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its effect through the influx of extracellular calcium. |
| hA2AA_91 | ADA2A_HUMAN Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor (Alpha-2A adrenoceptor) (Alpha-2A adrenoreceptor) (Alpha-2AAR) (Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor subtype C10) | Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine- induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The rank order of potency for agonists of this receptor is oxymetazoline > clonidine > epinephrine > norepinephrine > phenylephrine > dopamine > p-synephrine > p-tyramine > serotonin = p-octopamine. For antagonists, the rank order is yohimbine > phentolamine = mianserine > chlorpromazine = spiperone = prazosin > propanolol > alprenolol = pindolol. |
| hA2AB_96 | ADA2B_HUMAN Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor (Alpha-2B adrenoceptor) (Alpha-2B adrenoreceptor) (Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor subtype C2) | Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine- induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The rank order of potency for agonists of this receptor is clonidine > norepinephrine > epinephrine = oxymetazoline > dopamine > p-tyramine = phenylephrine > serotonin > p-synephrine / p-octopamine. For antagonists, the rank order is yohimbine > chlorpromazine > phentolamine > mianserine > spiperone > prazosin > alprenolol > propanolol > pindolol. |
| hA2AC_97 | ADA2C_HUMAN Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor (Alpha-2C adrenoceptor) (Alpha-2C adrenoreceptor) (Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor subtype C4) | Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine- induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. |
| hAA1_135 | AA1R_HUMAN Adenosine receptor A1 | Receptor for adenosine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase. |
| hAA2A_129 | AA2AR_HUMAN Adenosine receptor A2a | Receptor for adenosine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase. |
| hAA2B_130 | AA2BR_HUMAN Adenosine receptor A2b | Receptor for adenosine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase. |
| hAA3_156 | AA3R_HUMAN Adenosine A3 receptor | Receptor for adenosine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibits adenylyl cyclase. Possible role in reproduction. |
| hAGTR1A_137 | AGTR1_HUMAN Type-1 angiotensin II receptor (AT1) (AT1AR) (AT1BR) | Receptor for angiotensin II. Mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol- calcium second messenger system. |
| hAGTR2_207 | AGTR2_HUMAN Type-2 angiotensin II receptor (AT2) | Receptor for angiotensin II. Cooperates with MTUS1 to inhibit ERK2 activation and cell proliferation. |
| hAVPR1A_171 | V1AR_HUMAN Vasopressin V1a receptor (V1aR) (Vascular/hepatic-type arginine vasopressin receptor) (Antidiuretic hormone receptor 1a) (AVPR V1a) | Receptor for arginine vasopressin. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate a phosphatidyl- inositol-calcium second messenger system. Has been involved in social behaviors, including affiliation and attachment. |
| hB1AR_88 | ADRB1_HUMAN Beta-1 adrenergic receptor (Beta-1 adrenoceptor) (Beta-1 adrenoreceptor) | Beta-adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine- induced activation of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. This receptor binds epinephrine and norepinephrine with approximately equal affinity. |
| hB2AR_84 | ADRB2_HUMAN Beta-2 adrenergic receptor (Beta-2 adrenoceptor) (Beta-2 adrenoreceptor) | Beta-adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine- induced activation of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The beta-2-adrenergic receptor binds epinephrine with an approximately 30-fold greater affinity than it does norepinephrine. |
| hB2R_133 | BKRB2_HUMAN B2 bradykinin receptor (BK-2 receptor) (B2R) | Receptor for bradykinin. It is associated with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. |
| hB3AR_93 | ADRB3_HUMAN Beta-3 adrenergic receptor (Beta-3 adrenoceptor) (Beta-3 adrenoreceptor) | Beta-adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine- induced activation of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. Beta-3 is involved in the regulation of lipolysis and thermogenesis. |
| hBDKRB1_190 | BKRB1_HUMAN B1 bradykinin receptor (BK-1 receptor) (B1R) | This is a receptor for bradykinin. Could be a factor in chronic pain and inflammation. |
| hC5R1_104 | C5AR_HUMAN C5a anaphylatoxin chemotactic receptor (C5a-R) (C5aR) (CD88 antigen) | Receptor for the chemotactic and inflammatory peptide anaphylatoxin C5a. This receptor stimulates chemotaxis, granule enzyme release and superoxide anion production. |
| hCB1R_102 | CNR1_HUMAN Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) (CB-R) (CANN6) | Involved in cannabinoid-induced CNS effects. Acts by inhibiting adenylate cyclase. Could be a receptor for anandamide. Isoform 2 and isoform 3 have altered ligand binding. |
| hCB2R_158 | CNR2_HUMAN Cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) (CB-2) (CX5) | Involved in cannabinoid-induced CNS effects through G- protein mediated inhibition of adenylate cyclase. Could be a receptor for anandamide. |
| hCCKAR_146 | CCKAR_HUMAN Cholecystokinin receptor type A (CCK-A receptor) (CCK-AR) (Cholecystokinin-1 receptor) (CCK1-R) | Receptor for cholecystokinin. Mediates pancreatic growth and enzyme secretion, smooth muscle contraction of the gall bladder and stomach. Has a 1000-fold higher affinity for CCK rather than for gastrin. It modulates feeding and dopamine-induced behavior in the central and peripheral nervous system. This receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. |
| hCCKBR_147 | GASR_HUMAN Gastrin/cholecystokinin type B receptor (CCK-B receptor) (CCK-BR) (Cholecystokinin-2 receptor) (CCK2-R) | Receptor for gastrin and cholecystokinin. The CKK-B receptors occur throughout the central nervous system where they modulate anxiety, analgesia, arousal, and neuroleptic activity. This receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. |
| hCCR1_149 | CCR1_HUMAN C-C chemokine receptor type 1 (C-C CKR-1) (CC-CKR-1) (CCR-1) (CCR1) (Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha receptor) (MIP-1alpha-R) (RANTES-R) (HM145) (LD78 receptor) (CD191 antigen) | Receptor for a C-C type chemokine. Binds to MIP-1-alpha, MIP-1-delta, RANTES, and MCP-3 and, less efficiently, to MIP-1- beta or MCP-1 and subsequently transduces a signal by increasing the intracellular calcium ions level. Responsible for affecting stem cell proliferation. |
| hCCR2_177 | CCR2_HUMAN C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (C-C CKR-2) (CC-CKR-2) (CCR-2) (CCR2) (Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 receptor) (MCP-1-R) (CD192 antigen) | Receptor for the MCP-1, MCP-3 and MCP-4 chemokines. Transduces a signal by increasing the intracellular calcium ions level. Alternative coreceptor with CD4 for HIV-1 infection. |
| hCCR3_211 | CCR3_HUMAN C-C chemokine receptor type 3 (C-C CKR-3) (CC-CKR-3) (CCR-3) (CCR3) (CKR3) (Eosinophil eotaxin receptor) (CD193 antigen) | Receptor for a C-C type chemokine. Binds to eotaxin, eotaxin-3, MCP-3, MCP-4, RANTES and MIP-1 delta. Subsequently transduces a signal by increasing the intracellular calcium ions level. Alternative coreceptor with CD4 for HIV-1 infection. |
| hCCR4_212 | CCR4_HUMAN C-C chemokine receptor type 4 (C-C CKR-4) (CC-CKR-4) (CCR-4) (CCR4) (K5-5) (CD194 antigen) | High affinity receptor for the C-C type chemokines CCL17/TARC and CCL22/MDC. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G(i) proteins which activate a phosphatidylinositol- calcium second messenger system. Can function as a chemoattractant homing receptor on circulating memory lymphocytes and as a coreceptor for some primary HIV-2 isolates. In the CNS, could mediate hippocampal-neuron survival. |
| hCCR5_213 | CCR5_HUMAN C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (C-C CKR-5) (CC-CKR-5) (CCR-5) (CCR5) (HIV-1 fusion coreceptor) (CHEMR13) (CD195 antigen) | Receptor for a C-C type chemokine. Binds to MIP-1-alpha, MIP-1-beta and RANTES and subsequently transduces a signal by increasing the intracellular calcium ions level. May play a role in the control of granulocytic lineage proliferation or differentiation. Acts as a coreceptor (CD4 being the primary receptor) for HIV-1 R5 isolates. |
| hCHRM1_92 | ACM1_HUMAN Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 | The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is Pi turnover. |
| hCHRM2_86 | ACM2_HUMAN Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 | The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is adenylate cyclase inhibition. |
| hCHRM3_98 | ACM3_HUMAN Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 | The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is Pi turnover. |
| hCHRM4_87 | ACM4_HUMAN Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4 | The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is inhibition of adenylate cyclase. |
| hCHRM5_90 | ACM5_HUMAN Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5 | The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is Pi turnover. |
| hCXCR3_204 | CXCR3_HUMAN C-X-C chemokine receptor type 3 (CXC-R3) (CXCR-3) (Interferon-inducible protein 10 receptor) (IP-10 receptor) (CKR-L2) (CD183 antigen) (G protein-coupled receptor 9) | Receptor for CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 and mediates the proliferation of human mesangial cells (HMC). Isoform 2 is a receptor for CXCL4 and also mediates the inhibitory activities of CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 on the growth of human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC). Isoform 2 may play a role in angiogenesis. Isoform 3 mediates activity of CXCL11. |
| hCYSLTR1_287 | CLTR1_HUMAN Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLTR1) (Cysteinyl leukotriene D4 receptor) (LTD4 receptor) (HG55) (HMTMF81) | Receptor for cysteinyl leukotrienes mediating bronchoconstriction of individuals with and without asthma. Stimulation by LTD4 results in the contraction and proliferation of smooth muscle, edema, eosinophil migration and damage to the mucus layer in the lung. This response is mediated via a G-protein that activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. The rank order of affinities for the leukotrienes is LTD4 >> LTE4 = LTC4 >> LTB4. |
| hCYSLTR2_274 | CLTR2_HUMAN Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 2 (CysLTR2) (HG57) (HPN321) (hGPCR21) | Receptor for cysteinyl leukotrienes. The response is mediated via a G-protein that activates a phosphatidylinositol- calcium second messenger system. Stimulation by BAY u9773, a partial agonist, induces specific contractions of pulmonary veins and might also have an indirect role in the relaxation of the pulmonary vascular endothelium. The rank order of affinities for the leukotrienes is LTC4 = LTD4 >> LTE4. |
| hDRD1_103 | DRD1_HUMAN D(1A) dopamine receptor | This is one of the five types (D1 to D5) of receptors for dopamine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase. |
| hDRD2_94 | DRD2_HUMAN D(2) dopamine receptor (Dopamine D2 receptor) | This is one of the five types (D1 to D5) of receptors for dopamine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase. |
| hDRD3_170 | DRD3_HUMAN D(3) dopamine receptor | This is one of the five types (D1 to D5) of receptors for dopamine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase. |
| hDRD4_106 | DRD4_HUMAN D(4) dopamine receptor (Dopamine D4 receptor) (D(2C) dopamine receptor) | This is one of the five types (D1 to D5) of receptors for dopamine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase. |
| hDRD5_107 | DRD5_HUMAN D(1B) dopamine receptor (D(5) dopamine receptor) (D1beta dopamine receptor) | This is one of the five types (D1 to D5) of receptors for dopamine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase. |
| hEDG1_100 | EDG1_HUMAN Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor Edg-1 (Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1) (S1P1) | Receptor for the lysosphingolipid sphingosine 1- phosphate (S1P). S1P is a bioactive lysophospholipid that elicits diverse physiological effect on most types of cells and tissues. This inducible epithelial cell G-protein-coupled receptor may be involved in the processes that regulate the differentiation of endothelial cells. Seems to be coupled to the G(i) subclass of heteromeric G proteins. |
| hEDG3_239 | EDG3_HUMAN Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor Edg-3 (S1P receptor Edg-3) (Endothelial differentiation G-protein coupled receptor 3) (Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3) (S1P3) | Receptor for the lysosphingolipid sphingosine 1- phosphate (S1P). S1P is a bioactive lysophospholipid that elicits diverse physiological effect on most types of cells and tissues. When expressed in rat HTC4 hepatoma cells, is capable of mediating S1P-induced cell proliferation and suppression of apoptosis. |
| hEDG6_79 | EDG6_HUMAN Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor Edg-6 (S1P receptor Edg-6) (Endothelial differentiation G-protein coupled receptor 6) (Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 4) (S1P4) | Receptor for the lysosphingolipid sphingosine 1- phosphate (S1P). S1P is a bioactive lysophospholipid that elicits diverse physiological effect on most types of cells and tissues. May be involved in cell migration processes that are specific for lymphocytes. |
| hETA_117 | EDNRA_HUMAN Endothelin-1 receptor precursor (Endothelin A receptor) (ET-A) (hET-AR) (ETA-R) | Receptor for endothelin-1. Mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol- calcium second messenger system. The rank order of binding affinities for ET-A is: ET1 > ET2 >> ET3. |
| hETBR_110 | EDNRB_HUMAN Endothelin B receptor precursor (ET-B) (Endothelin receptor Non-selective type) | Non-specific receptor for endothelin 1, 2, and 3. Mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. |
| hGHSR_238 | GHSR_HUMAN Growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 (GHS-R) (GH-releasing peptide receptor) (GHRP) (Ghrelin receptor) | Receptor for ghrelin, coupled to G-alpha-11 proteins. Stimulates growth hormone secretion. Binds also other growth hormone releasing peptides (GHRP) (e.g. Met-enkephalin and GHRP-6) as well as non-peptide, low molecular weight secretagogues (e.g. L-692,429, MK-0677, adenosine). |
| hGNRHR_142 | GNRHR_HUMAN Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRH receptor) (GnRH-R) | Receptor for gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) that mediate the action of GnRH to stimulate the secretion of the gonadotropic hormones (LH and FSH). This receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Isoform 2 may act a an inhibitor of GnRH-R signaling. |
| hGPR24_245 | MCHR1_HUMAN Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCH receptor 1) (MCHR-1) (MCH-R1) (MCH1R) (MCH-1R) (MCHR) (G-protein coupled receptor 24) (Somatostatin receptor-like protein) (SLC-1) | Receptor for melanin-concentrating hormone, coupled to both G proteins that inhibit adenylyl cyclase and G proteins that activate phosphoinositide hydrolysis. |
| hGPR44_293 | GPR44_HUMAN Putative G-protein coupled receptor 44 (Chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells) (CD294 antigen) | Orphan receptor. |
| hHCRTR2_70 | OX2R_HUMAN Orexin receptor type 2 (Ox2r) (Hypocretin receptor type 2) | Nonselective, high-affinity receptor for both orexin-A and orexin-B neuropeptides. |
| hHM74a_31 | G109A_HUMAN Nicotinic acid receptor 1 (G-protein coupled receptor 109A) (G-protein coupled receptor HM74A) | Acts as a high affinity receptor for nicotinic acid and mediates its anti-lipolytic effect through a G(i)-protein-mediated inhibition of adenylyl cyclase. This pharmacological effect requires nicotinic acid doses that are much higher than those provided by a normal diet. |
| hHRH1_163 | HRH1_HUMAN Histamine H1 receptor | In peripheral tissues, the H1 subclass of histamine receptors mediates the contraction of smooth muscles, increase in capillary permeability due to contraction of terminal venules, and catecholamine release from adrenal medulla, as well as mediating neurotransmission in the central nervous system. |
| hHRH3_290 | HRH3_HUMAN Histamine H3 receptor (HH3R) (G-protein coupled receptor 97) | The H3 subclass of histamine receptors could mediate the histamine signals in CNS and peripheral nervous system. Signals through the inhibition of adenylate cyclase and displays high constitutive activity (spontaneous activity in the absence of agonist). Agonist stimulation of isoform 3 niether modified adenylate cyclase activity nor induced intracellular calcium mobilization. |
| hHRH4_264 | HRH4_HUMAN Histamine H4 receptor (HH4R) (GPRv53) (G-protein coupled receptor 105) (SP9144) (AXOR35) | The H4 subclass of histamine receptors could mediate the histamine signals in peripheral tissues. Displays a significant level of constitutive activity (spontaneous activity in the absence of agonist). |
| hIL8RA_112 | CXCR1_HUMAN High affinity interleukin-8 receptor A (IL-8R A) (IL-8 receptor type 1) (CXCR-1) (CD181 antigen) (CDw128a) | Receptor to interleukin-8, which is a powerful neutrophils chemotactic factor. Binding of IL-8 to the receptor causes activation of neutrophils. This response is mediated via a G-protein that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. This receptor binds to IL-8 with a high affinity and to MGSA (GRO) with a low affinity. |
| hIL8RB_113 | CXCR2_HUMAN High affinity interleukin-8 receptor B (IL-8R B) (CXCR-2) (GRO/MGSA receptor) (IL-8 receptor type 2) (CD182 antigen) (CDw128b) | Receptor to interleukin-8, which is a powerful neutrophils chemotactic factor. Binding of IL-8 to the receptor causes activation of neutrophils. This response is mediated via a G-protein that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. This receptor binds to IL-8 with a high affinity and to GRO/MGSA and NAP-2 also with a high affinity. |
| hLTB4R_248 | Leukotriene B4 receptor 1 | Receptor for extracellular ATP > UTP and ADP. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. May be the cardiac P2Y receptor involved in the regulation of cardiac muscle contraction through modulation of L-type calcium currents. Is a receptor for leukotriene B4, a potent chemoattractant involved in inflammation and immune response. |
| hLTB4R2_268 | LT4R2_HUMAN Leukotriene B4 receptor 2 (LTB4-R2) (Seven transmembrane receptor BLTR2) (Leukotriene B4 receptor BLT2) (LTB4 receptor JULF2) | Low-affinity receptor for leukotrienes including leukotriene B4. Mediates chemotaxis of granulocytes and macrophages. The response is mediated via G-proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. The rank order of affinities for the leukotrienes is LTB4 > 12-epi-LTB4 > LTB5 > LTB3. |
| hMC1R_219 | MSHR_HUMAN Melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor (MSH-R) (Melanotropin receptor) (Melanocortin receptor 1) (MC1-R) | Receptor for MSH (alpha, beta and gamma) and ACTH. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase. |
| hMC3R_178 | MC3R_HUMAN Melanocortin receptor 3 (MC3-R) | Receptor for MSH (alpha, beta and gamma) and ACTH. This receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase. |
| hMC4R_148 | MC4R_HUMAN Melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4-R) | Receptor specific to the heptapeptide core common to adrenocorticotropic hormone and alpha-, beta-, and gamma-MSH. This receptor is mediated by G proteins that stimulate adenylate cyclase. |
| hMC5R_155 | MC5R_HUMAN Melanocortin receptor 5 (MC5-R) (MC-2) | Receptor for MSH (alpha, beta and gamma) and ACTH. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase. This receptor is a possible mediator of the immunomodulation properties of melanocortins. |
| hMTNR1A_197 | MTR1A_HUMAN Melatonin receptor type 1A (Mel-1A-R) (Mel1a melatonin receptor) | High affinity receptor for melatonin. Likely to mediates the reproductive and circadian actions of melatonin. The activity of this receptor is mediated by pertussis toxin sensitive G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity. |
| hMTNR1B_203 | MTR1B_HUMAN Melatonin receptor type 1B (Mel-1B-R) (Mel1b melatonin receptor) | High affinity receptor for melatonin. Likely to mediates the reproductive and circadian actions of melatonin. The activity of this receptor is mediated by pertussis toxin sensitive G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity. |
| hNK1R_118 | NK1R_HUMAN Substance-P receptor (SPR) (NK-1 receptor) (NK-1R) (Tachykinin receptor 1) | This is a receptor for the tachykinin neuropeptide substance P. It is probably associated with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. The rank order of affinity of this receptor to tachykinins is: substance P > substance K > neuromedin-K. |
| hNK2R_99 | NK2R_HUMAN Substance-K receptor (SKR) (Neurokinin A receptor) (NK-2 receptor) (NK-2R) (Tachykinin receptor 2) | This is a receptor for the tachykinin neuropeptide substance K (neurokinin A). It is associated with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. |
| hNK3R_131 | NK3R_HUMAN Neuromedin-K receptor (NKR) (Neurokinin B receptor) (NK-3 receptor) (NK-3R) (Tachykinin receptor 3) | This is a receptor for the tachykinin neuropeptide neuromedin-K (neurokinin B). It is associated with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. |
| hNMBR_127 | NMBR_HUMAN Neuromedin-B receptor (NMB-R) (Neuromedin-B-preferring bombesin receptor) | Receptor for neuromedin-B. |
| hNPY1R_122 | NPY1R_HUMAN Neuropeptide Y receptor type 1 (NPY1-R) | Receptor for neuropeptide Y and peptide YY. The rank order of affinity of this receptor for pancreatic polypeptides is NPY > [Pro-34] PYY, PYY and [Leu-31, Pro-34] NPY > NPY (2-36) > [Ile-31, Gln-34] PP and PYY (3-36) > PP > NPY free acid. |
| hNPY2R_201 | NPY2R_HUMAN Neuropeptide Y receptor type 2 (NPY2-R) (NPY-Y2 receptor) | Receptor for neuropeptide Y and peptide YY. The rank order of affinity of this receptor for pancreatic polypeptides is PYY > NPY > PYY (3-36) > NPY (2-36) > [Ile-31, Gln-34] PP > [Leu- 31, Pro-34] NPY > PP, [Pro-34] PYY and NPY free acid. |
| hNPY5R_231 | NPY5R_HUMAN Neuropeptide Y receptor type 5 (NPY5-R) (NPY-Y5 receptor) (Y5 receptor) (NPYY5) | Receptor for neuropeptide Y and peptide YY. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity. Seems to be associated with food intake. Could be involved in feeding disorders. |
| hOPRD1_172 | OPRD_HUMAN Delta-type opioid receptor (DOR-1) | Inhibits neurotransmitter release by reducing calcium ion currents and increasing potassium ion conductance. Highly stereoselective. receptor for enkephalins. |
| hOPRK1_173 | OPRK_HUMAN Kappa-type opioid receptor (KOR-1) | Inhibits neurotransmitter release by reducing calcium ion currents and increasing potassium ion conductance. Receptor for dynorphins. May play a role in arousal and regulation of autonomic and neuroendocrine functions. |
| hOPRL1_174 | OPRX_HUMAN Nociceptin receptor (Orphanin FQ receptor) (Kappa-type 3 opioid receptor) (KOR-3) | Receptor for the neuropeptide nociceptin/orphanin FQ. Has a potential role in modulating a number of brain functions, including instinctive behaviors and emotions. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibits adenylyl cyclase. |
| hOPRM1_166 | OPRM_HUMAN Mu-type opioid receptor (MOR-1) | Inhibits neurotransmitter release by reducing calcium ion currents and increasing potassium ion conductance. Receptor for beta-endorphin. |
| hOXTR_138 | OXYR_HUMAN Oxytocin receptor (OT-R) | Receptor for oxytocin. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate a phosphatidylinositol- calcium second messenger system. |
| hP2RY12_263 | P2Y12_HUMAN P2Y purinoceptor 12 (P2Y12) (P2Y12 platelet ADP receptor) (P2Y(ADP)) (ADP-glucose receptor) (ADPG-R) (P2Y(AC)) (P2Y(cyc)) (P2T(AC)) (SP1999) | Receptor for ADP and ATP coupled to G-proteins that inhibit the adenylyl cyclase second messenger system. Not activated by UDP and UTP. Involved in platelets aggregation. |
| hPAFR_119 | PTAFR_HUMAN Platelet-activating factor receptor (PAF-R) | Receptor for platelet activating factor, a chemotactic phospholipid mediator that possesses potent inflammatory, smooth- muscle contractile and hypotensive activity. Seems to mediate its action via a G protein that activates a phosphatidylinositol- calcium second messenger system. |
| hPAR1_121 | PAR1_HUMAN Proteinase-activated receptor 1 precursor (PAR-1) (Thrombin receptor) (Coagulation factor II receptor) | High affinity receptor for activated thrombin coupled to G proteins that stimulate phosphoinositide hydrolysis. May play a role in platelets activation and in vascular development. |
| hPTGDR_220 | PD2R_HUMAN Prostaglandin D2 receptor (Prostanoid DP receptor) (PGD receptor) | Receptor for prostaglandin D2 (PGD2). The activity of this receptor is mainly mediated by G(s) proteins that stimulate adenylate cyclase, resulting in an elevation of intracellular cAMP. A mobilization of calcium is also observed, but without formation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. |
| hPTGER2_181 | PE2R2_HUMAN Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype (Prostanoid EP2 receptor) (PGE receptor, EP2 subtype) | Receptor for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). The activity of this receptor is mediated by G(s) proteins that stimulate adenylate cyclase. The subsequent raise in intracellular cAMP is responsible for the relaxing effect of this receptor on smooth muscle. |
| hPTGER3_180 | PE2R3_HUMAN Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype (Prostanoid EP3 receptor) (PGE receptor, EP3 subtype) (PGE2-R) | Receptor for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2); the EP3 receptor may be involved in inhibition of gastric acid secretion, modulation of neurotransmitter release in central and peripheral neurons, inhibition of sodium and water reabsorption in kidney tubulus and contraction in uterine smooth muscle. The activity of this receptor can couple to both the inhibition of adenylate cyclase mediated by G-I proteins, and to an elevation of intracellular calcium. The various isoforms have identical ligand binding properties but can interact with different second messenger systems (By similarity). |
| hPTGER4_167 | PE2R4_HUMAN Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype (Prostanoid EP4 receptor) (PGE receptor, EP4 subtype) | Receptor for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). The activity of this receptor is mediated by G(s) proteins that stimulate adenylate cyclase. Has a relaxing effect on smooth muscle. May play an important role in regulating renal hemodynamics, intestinal epithelial transport, adrenal aldosterone secretion, and uterine function. |
| hSSTR1_139 | SSR1_HUMAN Somatostatin receptor type 1 (SS1R) (SRIF-2) | Receptor for somatostatin with higher affinity for somatostatin-14 than -28. This receptor is coupled via pertussis toxin sensitive G proteins to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase. In addition it stimulates phosphotyrosine phosphatase and Na(+)/H(+) exchanger via pertussis toxin insensitive G proteins. |
| hSSTR2_140 | SSR2_HUMAN Somatostatin receptor type 2 (SS2R) (SRIF-1) | Receptor for somatostatins-14 and -28. This receptor is coupled via pertussis toxin sensitive G proteins to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase. In addition it stimulates phosphotyrosine phosphatase and PLC via pertussis toxin insensitive as well as sensitive G proteins. In RIN-5F cells, this receptor inhibits calcium entry by suppressing voltage dependent calcium-channels. |
| hSSTR3_154 | SSR3_HUMAN Somatostatin receptor type 3 (SS3R) (SSR-28) | Receptor for somatostatins-14 and -28. This receptor is coupled via pertussis toxin sensitive G proteins to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase. |
| hSSTR4_145 | SSR4_HUMAN Somatostatin receptor type 4 (SS4R) | Receptor for somatostatin-14. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibits adenylyl cyclase. It is functionally coupled not only to inhibition of adenylate cyclase, but also to activation of both arachidonate release and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade. Mediates antiproliferative action of somatostatin in tumor cells. |
| hSSTR5_161 | SSR5_HUMAN Somatostatin receptor type 5 (SS5R) | Receptor for somatostatin 28 and to a lesser extent for somatostatin-14. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase. |
| hTBXA2R_105 | TA2R_HUMAN Thromboxane A2 receptor (TXA2-R) (Prostanoid TP receptor) | Receptor for thromboxane A2 (TXA2), a potent stimulator of platelet aggregation. The activity of this receptor is mediated by a G-protein that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. In the kidney, the binding of TXA2 to glomerular TP receptors causes intense vasoconstriction. |
| hV2R_134 | V2R_HUMAN Vasopressin V2 receptor (Renal-type arginine vasopressin receptor) (Antidiuretic hormone receptor) (AVPR V2) | Receptor for arginine vasopressin. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase. |
| Name | Description | Function |
|---|
| hABL1_1950 | v-abl Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 isoform b | Regulates cytoskeleton remodeling during cell differentiation, cell division and cell adhesion. Localizes to dynamic actin structures, and phosphorylates CRK and CRKL, DOK1, and other proteins controlling cytoskeleton dynamics. Regulates DNA repair potentially by activating the proapoptotic pathway when the DNA damage is too severe to be repaired. |
| hABL2_1942 | v-abl Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2 isoform a | Regulates cytoskeleton remodeling during cell differentiation, cell division and cell adhesion. Localizes to dynamic actin structures, and phosphorylates CRK and CRKL, DOK1, and other proteins controlling cytoskeleton dynamics. |
| hAKT1_2014 | v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 | General protein kinase capable of phosphorylating several known proteins. Phosphorylates TBC1D4. Signals downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI(3)K) to mediate the effects of various growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). Plays a role in glucose transport by mediating insulin-induced translocation of the GLUT4 glucose transporter to the cell surface. Mediates the antiapoptotic effects of IGF-I. Mediates insulin-stimulated protein synthesis, partly by playing a role in both insulin-induced phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and in insulin-induced activation of p70 S6 kinase. Promotes glycogen synthesis by mediating the insulin-induced activation of glycogen synthase. |
| hAKT2_2120 | v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 2 | General protein kinase capable of phosphorylating several known proteins. |
| hAKT3_2128 | v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 3 isoform 1 | IGF-1 leads to the activation of AKT3, which may play a role in regulating cell survival. Capable of phosphorylating several known proteins. Truncated isoform 2/PKB gamma 1 without the second serine phosphorylation site could still be stimulated but to a lesser extent. |
| hAURa_2362 | serine/threonine protein kinase 6 | May play a role in cell cycle regulation during anaphase and/or telophase, in relation to the function of the centrosome/spindle pole region during chromosome segregation. Maybe involved in microtubule formation and/or stabilization. May play a key role during tumor development and progression. |
| hAURb_2346 | aurora kinase B | May be directly involved in regulating the cleavage of polar spindle microtubules and is a key regulator for the onset of cytokinesis during mitosis. Component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), a complex that acts as a key regulator of mitosis. The CPC complex has essential functions at the centromere in ensuring correct chromosome alignment and segregation and is required for chromatin-induced microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly. Phosphorylates Ser-10 and Ser-28 of histone H3 during mitosis. |
| hBRAF_1421 | v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 | Involved in the transduction of mitogenic signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus. May play a role in the postsynaptic responses of hippocampal neuron. |
| hCAMK2A_1489 | calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIA isoform 1 | CaM-kinase II (CAMK2) is a prominent kinase in the central nervous system that may function in long-term potentiation and neurotransmitter release. Member of the NMDAR signaling complex in excitatory synapses it may regulate NMDAR-dependent potentiation of the AMPAR and synaptic plasticity (By similarity). |
| hCAMK2B_1515 | calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIB isoform 8 | CaM-kinase II (CAMK2) is a prominent kinase in the central nervous system that may function in long-term potentiation and neurotransmitter release. Member of the NMDAR signaling complex in excitatory synapses it may regulate NMDAR-dependent potentiation of the AMPAR and synaptic plasticity (By similarity). |
| hCDC7_4 | CDC7 cell division cycle 7 | Seems to phosphorylate critical substrates that regulate the G1/S phase transition and/or DNA replication. Can phosphorylates MCM2 and MCM3. |
| hCDK1_416 | cell division cycle 2 protein isoform 1 | Plays a key role in the control of the eukaryotic cell cycle. It is required in higher cells for entry into S-phase and mitosis. p34 is a component of the kinase complex that phosphorylates the repetitive C-terminus of RNA polymerase II. |
| hCDK2_583 | cyclin-dependent kinase 2 isoform 1 | Involved in the control of the cell cycle. Interacts with cyclins A, B1, B3, D, or E. Activity of CDK2 is maximal during S phase and G2. |
| hCDK4_340 | cyclin-dependent kinase 4 | Probably involved in the control of the cell cycle. |
| hCDK5_607 | cyclin-dependent kinase 5 | Probably involved in the control of the cell cycle. Interacts with D1 and D3-type G1 cyclins. Can phosphorylate histone H1, tau, MAP2 and NF-H and NF-M. Also interacts with p35 which activates the kinase. |
| hCDK9_246 | uniprot_sprot P50750) Cell division protein kinase 9 (EC 2.7.1.37) (Cyclin-dependent kinase 9) (Serine/threonine-protein kinase PITALRE) (C-2K) (Cell division cycle 2-like protein kinase 4)... at 99% | Member of the cyclin-dependent kinase pair (CDK9/cyclin- T) complex, also called positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb), which facilitates the transition from abortive to production elongation by phosphorylating the CTD (C-terminal domain) of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II (RNAP II), SUPT5H and RDBP. The CDK9/cyclin-K complex has also a kinase activity toward CTD of RNAP II and can substitute for P-TEFb in vitro. |
| hChk1_1758 | CHK1 checkpoint homolog | Required for checkpoint mediated cell cycle arrest in response to DNA damage or the presence of unreplicated DNA. May also negatively regulate cell cycle progression during unperturbed cell cycles. Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [R-X-X- S/T]. Binds to and phosphorylates CDC25A, CDC25B and CDC25C. Phosphorylation of CDC25A at Ser-178 and Thr-507 and phosphorylation of CDC25C at Ser-216 creates binding sites for 14-3-3 proteins which inhibit CDC25A and CDC25C. Phosphorylation of CDC25A at Ser-76, Ser-124, Ser-178, Ser-279 and Ser- 293 promotes proteolysis of CDC25A. Inhibition of CDC25 activity leads to increased inhibitory tyrosine phosphorylation of CDK- cyclin complexes and blocks cell cycle progression. Binds to and phosphorylates RAD51 at Thr-309, which may enhance the association of RAD51 with chromatin and promote DNA repair by homologous recombination. Binds to and phosphorylates TLK1 at Ser-743, which prevents the TLK1-dependent phosphorylation of the chromatin assembly factor ASF1A. This may affect chromatin assembly during S phase or DNA repair. May also phosphorylate multiple sites within the C-terminus of TP53, which promotes activation of TP53 by acetylation and enhances suppression of cellular proliferation. |
| hChk2_1009 | protein kinase CHK2 isoform a | Regulates cell cycle checkpoints and apoptosis in response to DNA damage, particularly to DNA double-strand breaks. Inhibits CDC25C phosphatase by phosphorylation on Ser-216, preventing the entry into mitosis. May also play a role in meiosis. Regulates the TP53 tumor suppressor through phosphorylation at Thr-18 and Ser-20. |
| hCHUK_513 | conserved helix-loop-helix ubiquitous kinase | Phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B thus leading to the dissociation of the inhibitor/NF-kappa-B complex and ultimately the degradation of the inhibitor. Also phosphorylates NCOA3. Phosphorylates Ser-10 of histone H3 at NF-kappa-B- regulated promoters during inflammatory responses triggered by cytokines. |
| hCSF1R_55 | colony stimulating factor 1 receptor precursor | This protein is the receptor for CSF-1, it is a protein tyrosine-kinase transmembrane receptor. |
| hCSNK2A1_457 | casein kinase II alpha 1 subunit isoform a | Casein kinases are operationally defined by their preferential utilization of acidic proteins such as caseins as substrates. The alpha and alpha chains contain the catalytic site. Participates in Wnt signaling. CK2 phosphorylates Ser-392 of p53/TP53 following UV irradiation. |
| hCSNK2A2_468 | casein kinase 2, alpha prime polypeptide | Casein kinases are operationally defined by their preferential utilization of acidic proteins such as caseins as substrates. The alpha and alpha chains contain the catalytic site. Participates in Wnt signaling. CK2 phosphorylates Ser-392 of p53/TP53 following UV irradiation. |
| hEGFR_1553 | epidermal growth factor receptor isoform a | Isoform 2/truncated isoform may act as an antagonist. |
| hEPHB4_1246 | ephrin receptor EphB4 precursor | Receptor for members of the ephrin-B family. Binds to ephrin-B2. May have a role in events mediating differentiation and development. |
| hERK1_388 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | Involved in both the initiation and regulation of meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors such as ELK1. Phosphorylates EIF4EBP1; required for initiation of translation. Phosphorylates microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2). Phosphorylates SPZ1 (By similarity). Phosphorylates heat shock factor protein 4 (HSF4). |
| hFAK1_1711 | PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2 isoform b | Non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinase implicated in signaling pathways involved in cell motility, proliferation and apoptosis. Activated by tyrosine-phosphorylation in response to either integrin clustering induced by cell adhesion or antibody cross-linking, or via G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) occupancy by ligands such as bombesin or lysophosphatidic acid, or via LDL receptor occupancy. Plays a potential role in oncogenic transformations resulting in increased kinase activity. |
| hFGFR1_708 | fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 isoform 3 precursor | Receptor for basic fibroblast growth factor. A shorter form of the receptor could be a receptor for FGF1 (aFGF). |
| hFGFR2_724 | fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 isoform 3 precursor | Receptor for acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors. |
| hFGFR3_718 | fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 isoform 2 precursor | Receptor for acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors. Preferentially binds FGF1. |
| hFGFR4_699 | fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 isoform 1 precursor | Receptor for acidic fibroblast growth factor. Does not bind to basic fibroblast growth factor. Binds FGF19. |
| hFLT3_36 | fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 | Receptor for the FL cytokine. Has a tyrosine-protein kinase activity. |
| hFYN_2194 | protein-tyrosine kinase fyn isoform b | Implicated in the control of cell growth. Plays a role in the regulation of intracellular calcium levels, with isoform 2 showing the greater ability to mobilize cytoplasmic calcium in comparison to isoform 1. Required in brain development and mature brain function with important roles in the regulation of axon growth, axon guidance, and neurite extension. Blocks axon outgrowth and attraction induced by NTN1 by phosphorylating its receptor DDC. |
| hGSK3a_519 | glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha | Implicated in the hormonal control of several regulatory proteins including glycogen synthase, MYB and the transcription factor JUN (By similarity). |
| hGSK3b_231 | glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta | Participates in the Wnt signaling pathway. Implicated in the hormonal control of several regulatory proteins including glycogen synthase, MYB and the transcription factor JUN. Phosphorylates JUN at sites proximal to its DNA-binding domain, thereby reducing its affinity for DNA. |
| hHCK_2294 | hemopoietic cell kinase isoform p61HCK | May serve as part of a signaling pathway coupling the Fc receptor to the activation of the respiratory burst. May also contribute to neutrophil migration and may regulate the degranulation process of neutrophils. |
| hHER2_1572 | erbB-2 isoform b | Essential component of a neuregulin-receptor complex, although neuregulins do not interact with it alone. GP30 is a potential ligand for this receptor. Not activated by EGF, TGF- alpha and amphiregulin. |
| hIGF1R_934 | insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor precursor | This receptor binds insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) with a high affinity and IGF2 with a lower affinity. It has a tyrosine-protein kinase activity, which is necessary for the activation of the IGF1-stimulated downstream signaling cascade. |
| hIKBKB_452 | inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells, kinase beta | Phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B thus leading to the dissociation of the inhibitor/NF-kappa-B complex and ultimately the degradation of the inhibitor. Also phosphorylates NCOA3 (By similarity). |
| hINSR_920 | insulin receptor | This receptor binds insulin and has a tyrosine-protein kinase activity. Isoform Short has a higher affinity for insulin. Mediates the metabolic functions of insulin. Binding to insulin stimulates association of the receptor with downstream mediators including IRS1 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Can activate PI3K either directly by binding to the p85 regulatory subunit, or indirectly via IRS1. |
| hITK_2233 | IL2-inducible T-cell kinase | Plays a role in T-cell proliferation and differentiation. |
| hJAK1_d1_1114 | janus kinase 1 | Tyrosine kinase of the non-receptor type, involved in the IFN-alpha/beta/gamma signal pathway. Kinase partner for the interleukin (IL)-2 receptor. |
| hJAK1_d2_772 | janus kinase 1 | Tyrosine kinase of the non-receptor type, involved in the IFN-alpha/beta/gamma signal pathway. Kinase partner for the interleukin (IL)-2 receptor. |
| hJAK2_d1_1212 | Janus kinase 2 | Tyrosine kinase of the non-receptor type, involved in interleukin-3 and probably interleukin-23 signal transduction. |
| hJAK2_d2_766 | Janus kinase 2 | Tyrosine kinase of the non-receptor type, involved in interleukin-3 and probably interleukin-23 signal transduction. |
| hJAK3_d1_2687 | | Tyrosine kinase of the non-receptor type, involved in the interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 signaling pathway. Phosphorylates STAT6, IRS1, IRS2 and PI3K. |
| hJAK3_d2_778 | uniprot_sprot P52333) Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK3 (EC 2.7.1.112) (Janus kinase 3) (JAK-3) (Leukocyte janus kinase) (L-JAK)... at 98% | Tyrosine kinase of the non-receptor type, involved in the interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 signaling pathway. Phosphorylates STAT6, IRS1, IRS2 and PI3K. |
| hJNK1_294 | uniprot_sprot P45983) Mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (EC 2.7.1.37) (Stress-activated protein kinase JNK1) (c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1) (JNK-46)... at 97% | JNK1 isoforms display different binding patterns: beta-1 preferentially binds to c-Jun, whereas alpha-1, alpha-2, and beta- 2 have a similar low level of binding to both c-Jun or ATF2. However, there is no correlation between binding and phosphorylation, which is achieved at about the same efficiency by all isoforms. |
| hJNK2_271 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform 3 | JNK2 isoforms display different binding patterns: alpha- 1 and alpha-2 preferentially bind to c-Jun, whereas beta-1 and beta-2 bind to ATF2. However, there is no correlation between binding and phosphorylation, which is achieved at about the same efficiency by all isoforms. JUNB is not a substrate for JNK2 alpha-2, and JUND binds only weakly to it. |
| hJNK3_261 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform 3 | Responds to activation by environmental stress and pro- inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors, primarily components of AP-1 such as c-Jun and ATF2 and thus regulates AP-1 transcriptional activity. Required for stress-induced neuronal apoptosis and the pathogenesis of glutamate excitotoxicity (By similarity). |
| hKIT_40 | v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog precursor | This is the receptor for stem cell factor (mast cell growth factor). It has a tyrosine-protein kinase activity. Binding of the ligands leads to the autophosphorylation of KIT and its association with substrates such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (Pi3K). |
| hLCK_2238 | lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase | Tyrosine kinase that plays an essential role for the selection and maturation of developing T-cell in the thymus and in mature T-cell function. Is constitutively associated with the cytoplasmic portions of the CD4 and CD8 surface receptors and plays a key role in T-cell antigen receptor(TCR)-linked signal transduction pathways. Association of the TCR with a peptide antigen-bound MHC complex facilitates the interaction of CD4 and CD8 with MHC class II and class I molecules, respectively, and thereby recruits the associated LCK to the vicinity of the TCR/CD3 complex. LCK then phosphorylates tyrosines residues within the immunoreceptor tyrosines-based activation motifs (ITAMs) in the cytoplasmic tails of the TCRgamma chains and CD3 subunits, initiating the TCR/CD3 signaling pathway. In addition, contributes to signaling by other receptor molecules. Associates directly with the cytoplasmic tail of CD2, and upon engagement of the CD2 molecule, LCK undergoes hyperphosphorylation and activation. Also plays a role in the IL2 receptor-linked signaling pathway that controls T-cell proliferative response. Binding of IL2 to its receptor results in increased activity of LCK. Is expressed at all stages of thymocyte development and is required for the regulation of maturation events that are governed by both pre-TCR and mature alpha beta TCR. |
| hLYN_2111 | v-yes-1 Yamaguchi sarcoma viral related oncogene homolog | |
| hMAP3K1_1051 | PREDICTED: mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 | Component of a protein kinase signal transduction cascade. Activates the ERK and JNK kinase pathways by phosphorylation of MAP2K1 and MAP2K4. Activates CHUK and IKBKB, the central protein kinases of the NF-kappa-B pathway. |
| hMAP3K8_2389 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 8 | Able to activate NF-kappa-B 1 by stimulating proteasome- mediated proteolysis of NF-kappa-B 1/p105. Plays a role in the cell cycle. The longer form of cot has some transforming activity, although it is much weaker than the activated cot oncoprotein. |
| hMEK1_307 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 | Catalyzes the concomitant phosphorylation of a threonine and a tyrosine residue in a Thr-Glu-Tyr sequence located in MAP kinases. Activates ERK1 and ERK2 MAP kinases. |
| hMEK2_226 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 | Catalyzes the concomitant phosphorylation of a threonine and a tyrosine residue in a Thr-Glu-Tyr sequence located in MAP kinases. Activates the ERK1 and ERK2 MAP kinases (By similarity). |
| hMET_1272 | uniprot_sprot P08581) Hepatocyte growth factor receptor precursor (EC 2.7.1.112) (Met proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase) (c-met) (HGF receptor) (HGF-SF receptor)... at 99% | Receptor for hepatocyte growth factor and scatter factor. Has a tyrosine-protein kinase activity. |
| hMK2_1275 | mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 2 isoform 1 | Its physiological substrate seems to be the small heat shock protein (HSP27/HSP25). In vitro can phosphorylate glycogen synthase at Ser-7 and tyrosine hydroxylase (on Ser-19 and Ser-40). This kinase phosphorylates Ser in the peptide sequence, Hyd-X-R-X(2)-S, where Hyd is a large hydrophobic residue (By similarity). Mediates both ERK and p38 MAPK/MAPK14 dependent neutrophil responses. Participates in TNF alpha-stimulated exocytosis of secretory vesicles in neutrophils. Plays a role in phagocytosis-induced respiratory burst activity. |
| hMSK1_d1_1076 | ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 90kDa, polypeptide 5 isoform b | Serine/threonine kinase required for the mitogen or stress-induced phosphorylation of the transcription factors CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) and ATF1 (activating transcription factor-1). Essential role in the control of RELA transcriptional activity in response to TNF. Directly represses transcription via phosphorylation of Ser-1 of histone H2A. Phosphorylates Ser-10 of histone H3 in response to mitogenics, stress stimuli and epidemal growth-factor (EGF), which results in the transcriptional activation of several immediate early genes, including proto-oncogenes c-fos/FOS and c-jun/JUN. May also phosphorylate Ser-28 of histone H3. Mediates the mitogen- and stress-induced phosphorylation of high mobility group protein 14 (HMG-14). |
| hMSK1_d2_1253 | ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 90kDa, polypeptide 5 isoform a | Serine/threonine kinase required for the mitogen or stress-induced phosphorylation of the transcription factors CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) and ATF1 (activating transcription factor-1). Essential role in the control of RELA transcriptional activity in response to TNF. Directly represses transcription via phosphorylation of Ser-1 of histone H2A. Phosphorylates Ser-10 of histone H3 in response to mitogenics, stress stimuli and epidemal growth-factor (EGF), which results in the transcriptional activation of several immediate early genes, including proto-oncogenes c-fos/FOS and c-jun/JUN. May also phosphorylate Ser-28 of histone H3. Mediates the mitogen- and stress-induced phosphorylation of high mobility group protein 14 (HMG-14). |
| hNTRK1_826 | neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 1 isoform 1 | Required for high-affinity binding to nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-3 and neurotrophin-4/5 but not brain- derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Known substrates for the Trk receptors are SHC1, PI 3-kinase, and PLC-gamma-1. Has a crucial role in the development and function of the nociceptive reception system as well as establishment of thermal regulation via sweating. Activates ERK1 by either SHC1- or PLC-gamma-1-dependent signaling pathway. |
| hp38a_494 | uniprot_sprot Q16539) Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (EC 2.7.1.37) (Mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 alpha) (MAP kinase p38 alpha) (Cytokine suppressive anti-inflammatory drug binding protein) (CSAID-binding protein) (CSBP) (MAX-interacting protei... at 95% | Responds to activation by environmental stress, pro- inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors, such as ELK1 and ATF2 and several downstream kinases, such as MAPKAPK2 and MAPKAPK5. Plays a critical role in the production of some cytokines, for example IL-6. May play a role in stabilization of EPO mRNA during hypoxic stress. Isoform Mxi2 activation is stimulated by mitogens and oxidative stress and only poorly phosphorylates ELK1 and ATF2. Isoform Exip may play a role in the early onset of apoptosis. |
| hp38b_321 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 | Kinase involved in a signal transduction pathway that is activated by changes in the osmolarity of the extracellular environment, by cytokines, or by environmental stress. Phosphorylates preferentially transcription factor ATF2. |
| hp38d_568 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 | Responds to activation by environmental stress and pro- inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating downstream targets. Plays a role in the regulation of protein translation by phosphorylating and inactivating EEF2K. |
| hp38g_474 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 | Responds to activation by environmental stress and pro- inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating downstream targets. Plays a role in myoblast differentiation and also in the down- regulation of cyclin D1 in response to hypoxia in adrenal cells suggesting MAPK12 may inhibit cell proliferation while promoting differentiation. |
| hPDGFRa_27 | platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha precursor | Receptor that binds both PDGFA and PDGFB and has a tyrosine-protein kinase activity. |
| hPDGFRb_23 | platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta precursor | Receptor that binds specifically to PDGFB and PDGFD and has a tyrosine-protein kinase activity. Phosphorylates Tyr residues at the C-terminus of PTPN11 creating a binding site for the SH2 domain of GRB2. |
| hPDPK1_1891 | PREDICTED: similar to 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase-1 (hPDK1) | Phosphorylates and activates not only PKB/AKT, but also PKA, PKC-zeta, RPS6KA1 and RPS6KB1. May play a general role in signaling processes and in development (By similarity). Isoform 3 is catalytically inactive. |
| hPIM1_2146 | pim-1 oncogene | Plays a role in signal transduction in blood cells. Contributes to both cell proliferation and survival and thus provide a selective advantage in tumorigenesis. May affect the structure or silencing of chromatin by phosphorylating HP1 gamma/CBX3. |
| hPIM2_1922 | pim-2 oncogene | |
| hPKAa_2422 | cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform 2 | Phosphorylates a large number of substrates in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. |
| hPKAb_2410 | cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform 2 | Mediates cAMP-dependent signaling triggered by receptor binding to GPCRs. PKA activation regulates diverse cellular processes such as cell proliferation, the cell cycle, differentiation and regulation of microtubule dynamics, chromatin condensation and decondensation, nuclear envelope disassembly and reassembly, as well as regulation of intracellular transport mechanisms and ion flux. |
| hPKAg_2407 | uniprot_sprot P22612) cAMP-dependent protein kinase, gamma-catalytic subunit (EC 2.7.1.37) (PKA C-gamma)... at 99% | Phosphorylates a large number of substrates in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. |
| hPKCa_1986 | protein kinase C, alpha | PKC is activated by diacylglycerol which in turn phosphorylates a range of cellular proteins. PKC also serves as the receptor for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. |
| hPKCb1_2040 | protein kinase C, beta isoform 2 | This is a calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent, serine- and threonine-specific enzyme. PKC is activated by diacylglycerol which in turn phosphorylates a range of cellular proteins. PKC also serves as the receptor for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. May be considered as a novel component of the NF-kappa-B signaling axis responsible for the survival and activation of B-cells after BCR cross-linking (By similarity). |
| hPKCd_2048 | uniprot_sprot Q05655) Protein kinase C, delta type (EC 2.7.1.-) (nPKC-delta)... at 99% | This is calcium-independent, phospholipid-dependent, serine- and threonine-specific enzyme. PKC is activated by diacylglycerol which in turn phosphorylates a range of cellular proteins. PKC also serves as the receptor for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. May play a role in antigen-dependent control of B-cell function. |
| hPKCe_1997 | protein kinase C, epsilon | PKC is activated by diacylglycerol which in turn phosphorylates a range of cellular proteins. PKC also serves as the receptor for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. |
| hPKCg_1533 | protein kinase C, gamma | PKC is activated by diacylglycerol which in turn phosphorylates a range of cellular proteins. PKC also serves as the receptor for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. |
| hPKCh_2002 | uniprot_sprot P24723) Protein kinase C, eta type (EC 2.7.1.-) (nPKC-eta) (PKC-L)... at 99% | PKC is activated by diacylglycerol which in turn phosphorylates a range of cellular proteins. PKC also serves as the receptor for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. |
| hPKCi_1189 | protein kinase C, iota | Calcium-independent, phospholipid-dependent, serine- and threonine-specific enzyme. Is not activated by phorbol esters or diaglycerol. May play a role in the secretory response to nutrients. Involved in cell polarization processes and the formation of epithelial tight junctions. |
| hPKCt_2008 | protein kinase C, theta | PKC is activated by diacylglycerol which in turn phosphorylates a range of cellular proteins. PKC also serves as the receptor for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. |
| hPKCz_1323 | protein kinase C, zeta isoform 1 | PKC is activated by diacylglycerol which in turn phosphorylates a range of cellular proteins. PKC also serves as the receptor for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. Subunit of a quaternary complex that plays a central role in epithelial cell polarization. |
| hPKD1_1751 | protein kinase D1 | This is calcium-independent, phospholipid-dependent, serine- and threonine-specific enzyme. |
| hPKD3_1754 | protein kinase D3 | This is calcium-independent, phospholipid-dependent, serine- and threonine-specific enzyme. PKC is activated by diacylglycerol which in turn phosphorylates a range of cellular proteins. PKC also serves as the receptor for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. |
| hPLK1_2140 | polo-like kinase | May be required for cell division and may have a role during G1 or S phase. |
| hRAF1_1428 | v-raf-1 murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 | Involved in the transduction of mitogenic signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus. Part of the Ras-dependent signaling pathway from receptors to the nucleus. Protects cells from apoptosis mediated by STK3. |
| hRET_523 | ret proto-oncogene isoform a | Probable receptor with tyrosine-protein kinase activity; important for development. |
| hROCK1_1441 | Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1 | Protein kinase that phosphorylates a large number of important signaling proteins, and thereby regulates the assembly of the actin cytoskeleton, cell migration, invasiveness of tumor cells, smooth muscle contraction and neurite outgrowth. Necessary for apoptotic membrane blebbing. Plays a role in smooth muscle contraction. Required for centromere positioning and centromere- dependent exit from mitosis (By similarity). |
| hROCK2_1454 | Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2 | Protein kinase that phosphorylates a large number of important signaling proteins, and thereby regulates the assembly of the actin cytoskeleton. Promotes formation of stress fibers and of focal adhesion complexes. Plays a role in smooth muscle contraction (By similarity). |
| hRPS6KB1_1707 | ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70kDa, polypeptide 1 | Phosphorylates specifically ribosomal protein S6 in response to insulin or several classes of mitogens. |
| hSRC_2204 | proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase SRC | |
| hSYK_1667 | spleen tyrosine kinase | Positive effector of BCR-stimulated responses. Couples the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) to the mobilization of calcium ion either through a phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent pathway, when not phosphorylated on tyrosines of the linker region, or through a phospholipase C-gamma-dependent pathway, when phosphorylated on Tyr-348 and Tyr-352. Thus the differential phosphorylation of Syk can determine the pathway by which BCR is coupled to the regulation of intracellular calcium ion (By similarity). |
| hTGFbR1_361 | transforming growth factor, beta receptor I precursor | On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. Receptor for TGF-beta. |
| hTIE2_876 | TEK tyrosine kinase, endothelial | This protein is a protein tyrosine-kinase transmembrane receptor for angiopoietin 1. It may constitute the earliest mammalian endothelial cell lineage marker. Probably regulates endothelial cell proliferation, differentiation and guides the proper patterning of endothelial cells during blood vessel formation. |
| hTNK2_1259 | tyrosine kinase, non-receptor, 2 isoform 1 | Tyrosine kinase, that after binding to CDC42, inhibits both its intrinsic and stimulated GTPase activity. |
| hVEGFR1_61 | fms-related tyrosine kinase 1 (vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor receptor) | Receptor for VEGF, VEGFB and PGF. Has a tyrosine-protein kinase activity. The VEGF-kinase ligand/receptor signaling system plays a key role in vascular development and regulation of vascular permeability. Isoform SFlt1 may have an inhibitory role in angiogenesis. |
| hVEGFR2_66 | kinase insert domain receptor (a type III receptor tyrosine kinase) | Receptor for VEGF or VEGFC. Has a tyrosine-protein kinase activity. The VEGF-kinase ligand/receptor signaling system plays a key role in vascular development and regulation of vascular permeability. In case of HIV-1 infection, the interaction with extracellular viral Tat protein seems to enhance angiogenesis in Kaposis sarcoma lesions. |
| hVEGFR3_87 | fms-related tyrosine kinase 4 isoform 1 | Receptor for VEGFC. Has a tyrosine-protein kinase activity. |
| hWEE1_913 | wee1 tyrosine kinase | May act as a negative regulator of entry into mitosis (G2 to M transition) by protecting the nucleus from cytoplasmically activated cyclin B1-complexed CDC2 before the onset of mitosis. Its activity increases during S and G2 phases and decreases at M phase when it is hyperphosphorylated. A correlated decrease in protein level occurs at M/G1 phase, probably due to its degradation. Specifically phosphorylates and inactivates cyclin B1-complexed CDC2 reaching a maximum during G2 phase and a minimum as cells enter M phase. Phosphorylation of cyclin B1-CDC2 occurs exclusively on Tyr-15 and phosphorylation of monomeric CDC2 does not occur. |
| hZAP70_1646 | zeta-chain associated protein kinase 70kDa isoform 1 | Associates with the T-cell antigen receptor zeta chain (CD3Z). Plays a role in lymphocyte activation. |